Utilises meridian points but applies it to ‘western’ reasoning with particular consideration to relevant neurophysiology and anatomy.

The insertion of the needle creates a local inflammatory response to help stimulate a healing response.

The needle also stimulates local nerve fibres to help modulate pain at the spinal cord level and create descending pain inhibition from the brain.

Involves needling to altered or dysfunctional tissues in order to improve or restore function.

This may include needling of myofascial trigger points and periosteum.